Essay --

Toward the start of this century the German country was, in all regards, one of the more humanized universes. Nonetheless, under the standard of Hitler, he came to utilize all their expertise and solidarity to part bolster and expand an oppression that taunted all the estimations of the development. The adherents of Hitler, the Nazis, disdained opportunity resilience, contemplated exchange and basic human conventionality; they utilized the untruth, widespread panic and dread; they tormented, oppressed and cleared out a huge number of blameless individuals. On the off chance that Hitler had won it is conceivable that it would have finished with the progress in Europe and, despite the fact that he passed on crushed, the monstrosities that occurred somewhere in the range of 1933 and 1945, under Nazi principle, have been duplicated, time and again, by others. National Socialism (or Nazism) shared numerous focuses for all intents and purpose with one party rule. In any case, its underlying foundations were regularly German: tyranny and grow military of Prussian Heritage; the German sentimental custom contradicted to realism, progressivism and popular government; different supremacist regulations that Nordic people groups - the unadulterated Aryan called - were truly better than different races, yet they were likewise their way of life and ethics; just as certain philosophical teachings, particularly those of Friedrich Nietzsche, who loved the State or inspiring love unrivaled people, which is excluded from submit to the customary restrictions. Among the scholars and organizers of National Socialism was General Karl Ernst Haushofer, who applied an incredible effect on the Germany international strategy. Alfred Rosenberg, editorial manager and pioneer of the Nazi party, figured the racial speculations dependent on crafted by the author Houst on Stewart Chamberlain. The budgetary Hjalmar Schacht was liable for form and incorporated a significant part of the economi... ... communist precept, containing likewise, promulgation strategies, and plans for the success of Germany and, later, Europe. Mein Kampf turned into the ideological establishment of National Socialism a couple of years after the fact. This book, which would later offer it to every single German couple on their big day, as though was an outside of the Bible, comprises of a progression of expository discourse on a couple of issues, for example, patriotism, bigotry and the counter majority rule speculations, along with a progression of undertakings of future activities. This last part depicts his aim to control the majority by methods for purposeful publicity, continually underlining that to accomplish power, merits everything, anticipating an extraordinary worldwide fight by the prevalence of the race with a negative straightforwardness. Germany needed to dispose of the limitations of the Treaty of Versailles; it needed to assault Russia to demolish socialism. Actually

Practical Demonkeeping Chapter 21-23

21 AUGUSTUS BRINE â€Å"I discovered them. The vehicle is left before Jenny Masterson's house.† Augustus Brine raged into the house conveying a basic food item sack in each arm. Gian Hen Gian was in the kitchen pouring salt from a round, blue box into a pitcher of Koolaid. Saline solution put the sacks down on the hearth. â€Å"Help me get a portion of this stuff. There's more packs in the truck.† The genie strolled to the chimney and glanced in the packs. One was loaded up with dry-cell batteries and spools of wire. The other was brimming with earthy colored cardboard chambers around four inches in length and an inch in measurement. Gian Hen Gian removed one of the chambers from the pack and held it up. A green, waterproof wire reached out from one end. â€Å"What are these?† â€Å"Seal bombs,† Brine said. â€Å"The Department of Fish and Game disperses them to anglers to drive closes from their lines and nets. I had a bundle at the store.† â€Å"Explosives are pointless against the demon.† â€Å"There are five additional sacks in the truck. Would you acquire them, please?† Brine started to lay the seal bombs out in a line on the hearth. â€Å"I don't have the foggiest idea how much time we have.† â€Å"What am I, some searching worker? Am I a large animal weight? Should I, Gian Hen Gian, lord of the Djinn, be decreased to bearing burdens for a uninformed human who might assault an evil presence from hellfire with firecrackers?† â€Å"O King,† Brine stated, exasperated, â€Å"please get the goddamn packs so I can complete this before dawn.† â€Å"It is useless.† â€Å"I'm not going to attempt to explode him. I simply need to know where he is. Except if you can utilize your extraordinary capacity to limit him, O King of the Djinn.† â€Å"You know I cannot.† â€Å"The bags!† â€Å"You are a dumb, gutless man, Augustus Brine. I've seen more knowledge in the groin lice of group of concubines whores.† The genie exited the entryway and his criticism blurred into the night. Saline solution was efficiently wrapping the breakers of the seal bombs with slim monofilament silver wire intended to warm up when an ebb and flow was applied. It was an inaccurate strategy for explosion, yet Brine had no entrance to shooting tops at this hour of the morning. The genie returned in a second conveying two staple packs. â€Å"Put them on the chairs.† Brine motioned with his head. â€Å"These sacks are loaded up with flour,† Gian Hen Gian said. â€Å"Are you going to heat bread, Augustus Brine?† 22 TRAVIS AND JENNY There was something in particular about her that made Travis need to dump his life out on the end table like a pocket brimming with coins; let her sort through and keep what she needed. In the event that he was still here toward the beginning of the day, he'd enlighten her regarding Catch, yet not currently. â€Å"Do you like traveling?† Jenny inquired. â€Å"I'm becoming weary of it. I could utilize a break.† She tasted from a glass of red wine and pulled her skirt down for the tenth time. There was as yet an impartial zone between them on the lounge chair. She stated, â€Å"You don't appear as though any protection sales rep I've at any point known. I trust you wouldn't fret my maxim, however as a rule protection men dress in noisy jackets and smell of modest cologne. I've never met one that appeared to be earnest about anything.† â€Å"It's a job.† Travis trusted she wouldn't get some information about the subtleties of his activity. He didn't have the foggiest idea about a thing about protection. He had settled on the profession in light of the fact that Effrom Elliot had confused him with a protection man that evening, so it was the principal thing that rung a bell. â€Å"When I was a child, a protection man went to our home to sell my dad some life insurance,† Jenny said. â€Å"He assembled the family before the chimney and snapped our photo with a Polaroid camera. It was a decent picture. My dad was remaining at one side of every one of us, looking pleased. As we were passing the image around, the protection man grabbed the image out of my dad's hands and stated, ‘What a pleasant family.' Then he tore my dad good and gone and stated, ‘Now what will they do?' I burst into tears. My dad was frightened.† Travis stated: â€Å"I'm sorry, Jenny.† Perhaps he ought to have disclosed to her he was a brush sales rep. Did she have any horrendous brush-sales rep stories? â€Å"Do you do that, Travis? Do you startle individuals for a living?† â€Å"What do you think?† â€Å"Like I stated, you don't appear to be a protection man.† â€Å"Jennifer, I have to let you know something†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"It's alright. I'm heartbroken, I got somewhat substantial on you. You do what you do. I never thought I'd be tending to tables at this age.† â€Å"What did you need to do? That is to say, when you were a young lady, what did you need to be the point at which you developed up?† â€Å"Honestly?† â€Å"Of course.† â€Å"I needed to be a mother. I needed to have a family and a man who cherished me and a pleasant house. Really unambitious, huh?† â€Å"No, there's nothing amiss with that. What happened?† She depleted her wineglass and presented herself with another from the jug on the foot stool. â€Å"You can't have a family alone.† â€Å"But?† â€Å"Travis, I would prefer not to destroy the night by speaking increasingly about my marriage. I'm attempting to make some changes.† Travis let it go. She got his quietness as understanding and lit up. â€Å"So, what did you need to do when you developed up?† â€Å"Honestly?† â€Å"Don't disclose to me you needed to be a housewife, too.† â€Å"When I was growing up that is all any young lady needed to be.† â€Å"Where did you grow up, Siberia?† â€Å"Pennsylvania. I experienced childhood with a farm.† â€Å"And what did the homestead kid from Pennsylvania need to be the point at which he developed up?† â€Å"A priest.† Jenny giggled. â€Å"I never knew any individual who needed to be a cleric. What did you do while different young men were playing armed force, give last rights to the dead?† â€Å"No, it wasn't that way. My mom consistently needed me to be a minister. When I was mature enough, I left to theological college. It didn't work out.† â€Å"So you turned into a protection man. I guess that works. I read once that all religions and insurance agencies are bolstered by the dread of death.† â€Å"That's pretty cynical,† the demonkeeper said. â€Å"I'm sorry, Travis. I don't have a lot of confidence in the idea of an almighty being that would celebrate war and violence.† â€Å"You should.† â€Å"Are you attempting to change over me?† â€Å"No, it's simply that I know, totally, that God exists.† â€Å"No one knows anything totally. I'm not without confidence. I have my own convictions, however I have my questions, too.† â€Å"So did I.† â€Å"Did? What occurred, did the Holy Spirit come to you in the night and state, ‘Go forward and sell insurance'?† â€Å"Something like that.† Travis constrained a grin. â€Å"Travis, you are an extremely weird man.† â€Å"I truly would not like to discuss religion.† â€Å"Good. I'll reveal to you my convictions in the first part of the day. You'll be very stunned, I'm sure.† â€Å"I question that, I truly do†¦ Did you say ‘in the morning'?† Jenny held her hand out to him. Inside she was uncertain of what she was doing, however it appeared to be fine †in any event it didn't feel wrong. â€Å"Did I miss something?† Travis inquired. â€Å"I thought you were furious with me.† â€Å"No, for what reason would I resent you?† â€Å"Because of my faith.† â€Å"I believe it's cute.† â€Å"Cute? Charming! You think the Roman Catholic Church is charming? A hundred popes are abounding in their graves, Jenny.† â€Å"Good. They aren't welcomed. Move over here.† â€Å"Are you sure?† he said. â€Å"You've had a ton of wine.† She didn't know by any means, by the by she gestured to him. She was single, isn't that so? She enjoyed him, isn't that so? Indeed, heck, it was begun now. He slid down the lounge chair to her side and took her in his arms. They kissed, unadroitly from the outset; he was excessively mindful of himself and she was all the while thinking about whether she ought to have welcomed him in any case. He held her more tightly and she curved her back and pushed against him and the two of them overlooked their reservations. The world outside stopped to exist. At the point when they at last broke the kiss, he covered his face in her hair and held her tight so she was unable to pull away and see the tears in his eyes. â€Å"Jenny,† he said delicately, â€Å"it's been a long time†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She shushed him and dove her hands into his hair. â€Å"Everything will be fine. Just fine.† Maybe it was on the grounds that they were both apprehensive, or maybe it was on the grounds that they truly didn't have any acquaintance with one another; it may even have been that by assuming a job they would not need to confront anything besides the occasion. The jobs they played for the duration of the night changed. In the first place, each gave when the other required, and later, when need was not, at this point an issue, they assumed their jobs out to felicity. It advanced consequently: she was the sofa-bed, he the support; at that point he was the getting advisor, she the confounded inquisitor; she turned into the medical attendant, he the patient in footing; he played the job of the gullible helper, she the tempting duchess; he was the military instructor, she the crude enroll; she was the remorseless ace, he the powerless slave young lady. The early morning times discovered them exposed on the kitchen floor after Travis had played a rampaging Godzilla to Jennifer's clueless Tokyo. They were squatted over a cooking toaster broiler, each with a table blade stacked with spread, ready like killers trusting that the sign will drop their sharp edges. They finished a portion of toast, a half-pound of margarine, a quart of tofu frozen yogurt, a crate of entire wheat cream-sandwich treats, a sack of unsalted blue corn chips, and a naturally developed watermelon that spouted pink squeeze down their jawlines wh

The History Of The Sweden Tourism Tourism Essay

The History Of The Sweden Tourism Essay Sweden Tourism is alluring goal for both business and recreation travel. It is more quickly developing industry and they are expecting their twofold income in one decade from now. Be that as it may, the income originating from worldwide guests in cast five years its dramatically increased. Guests were expanded higher than the European normal residential explorers and International voyages both have expanding interest for the mix of the immature market it will makes the significant chances, fundamentally for outside undertakings helping in the settlement exercises, they help in delivering better approach for administration, new items and new contenders. So Sweden the travel industry is an alluring goal. Sweden has inexhaustible characteristic assets to offer like clean water, outside air, open space, lovely and new nature and experiences handles that exits for everybody. Alluring Sweden is very gigantic in size, 246 sq. km. contrasted with UK. They have only 20 for every sq km individuals were living in the Sweden. We can have ideal goal and dynamic excursion in all necessities Sweden. As a matter of fact, exceptional characteristic and social legacy with remote city life it makes the goal appealing. Exercises and experience, recreation action, wild and experience to go through and go through the days with cruising or sandy sea shores with the gathering along coast line in Sweden. Presentation: Development of Tourism Industry in Swedish, since 1991, eighty level of the International explorer was expanded to travel Europe. In a similar period practically 100% of the explorers discovered their approach to Sweden. Most recent five years global guests were multiplied and created the income for the travel industry in Swedish. Sweden creates more than 252 SEK billion thus finished; administration connection organizations and cordiality are supporting the scope of the travel industry. They are evaluated 500 SEK billion to anticipated that turnover should develop the travel industry in 2020. Sweden have the great potential development in the travel industry part, as of late including the GDP is just three rates in the travel industry segments. Four level of the worldwide travel is diminished during 2009. In any case, short-term stays are practically 30% expanded in Europe. In 2009, International short-term stays were expanded one of the primary goal in Europe is Sweden. Worldwide vacationers were spending their cash on merchandise item contrasted with household voyagers. Fifty level of the shopping account were devoured by worldwide explorers and forty rate were business and recreation voyagers in Sweden and household explorers the vast majority of them investing their burning through their effort and cash in shopping. It is likewise the principle reason to step in the universal explorers to take nourishment in eateries than Sweden voyagers. Speaking with worldwide and residential explorers:- In any case, step by step remote vacationers expanding so they are kept leading no of non-stop flights and traveler resorts future inflows and openness of guests. Traffic of journey boat and venture is delivering in harbor offices to expand the Sweden travel. They are anticipating the more calls and all the more visiting explorers to significant ports to demonstrate the advancement in future. Guarantee very much created streets and railroads system to simple access the Sweden to all piece of the nation. Appealing spots in Sweden: Gothenburg:- The essential city of the country is bohus and Gothenburg; it has fantastic data and is the seed of a Lutheran priest. Social and social way of life in Goteborg is perceived from the finish of craftsmanship exhibition. Helsingborg: Purposely arranged at the tightest parts of the Oresund thought about the Danish city of Helsingborg for many years furiously questionable among Denmark and Norway. There are program to create connect over the Oresund. Kalmar: Essential city of the national of Kalmar in south eastern piece of Sweden can be found on the Kalmar, which individual the isle of Oland from the milestone. There was at that point managing distributed here in Viking period. The town contemporary parts comprise of innovation development and motor vehicles. Falun: The old getting out city of falun can be found on both monetary organization of the stream falun between the runnsio and varparjo. Falun is as yet a significant business city and furthermore whole numerous exercises. Karlstad: Malno can be found on the western shoreline of skane turn around the Danish venture of Copenhagen over the Oresund. A critical space of Swedens third most prominent town, it is fundamental monetary and social center. The town acknowledged to Norway under the understanding of Roskilde. Stockholm: It can be found on the assortment of goal and landmass at the yield of lake malar into the Baltic, Which directly types and inside and out. The intrigue of its setting up can be found in the intermixing of region and water, the mind boggling structure of waterway covering the town. Uppsala: The most critical creating in Uppsala is the congregation, perceptible from most parts of city. It is the essential city of the country of Uppsala and the territory of upland and the seat of the Lutheran diocese supervisor of Norway. The person of upland value the privilege of picking and ousting their pioneers. Vaxjo: It very well may be found at the northern finish of the few of that name. It perceived its open rental in 1342 and now essential city of Kornberg country. Vaxjo is house to two perceived chateaus Kornberg experience. Finished in the fifteenth thousand years and teleborg experience planned 1900. It turns into a strict center in the twelfth thousand years; when its first house of God was create by sigfrid. Visby: The island speculation, the city of blossom and rains on the North West shore of Gotland is the seat of the legislature of Gotland country and the priest. Inside its encompassing surface it has encompassing quite a bit of its old climate and got the name of UNESCO globe culture site. Incredible potential for remote Developers:- By and by, developing interest on new fascination. Settlement and fuel pressing encounters produce the speculation for the travel industry. A portion of the developing open doors in the travel industry nourishment, experience the travel industry, environment and ski; Demand were expanding by the settlement and framework this are getting huge interest in Sweden, with numerous and different open doors for remote financial specialists, the travel industry business person, land, organizations movement, lodging and convenience organizations and so forth. They are giving the gracefully of 36000 rooms and 2000 inns in Sweden. It isn't sufficient to fulfill voyagers need. Here deficiency of remaining on the spot in various portions from voltages, occasion lodges, spending inns, to five and four star lodgings with human services offices. Sweden the travel industry is getting rise, October to May in long explanation. Snow fall is ensured the Sweden ski resorts are expanding prevalence. Ski passes on another record in term of 2009/10 season, voyagers volume, reprimand and turnover. Administrations convenience ski lifts enhancements are the interest for huge interest in ski resort goal. Remote voyagers to ski resort are delivering because of more straightforward flights and sanction trips to the enormous ski resorts. It is additionally viewed as snow land, less misused and fascinating retreats in Europe. The yearly deals development of ski resort 2009/10 deals development got million SEK. They are valuating on holding goal is more grounded and more grounded. Most likely market of local the travel industry was significant for occasion club. They have part of cash, so they were making the most of their days off. Vermin Analysis: Political: Name of the nation is Sweden; their legitimate framework depends on 1974 constitution Carl XVI Gustaf has ruler in Sweden; he is the head of state, 349 individuals from nationals assembly in Swedish parliament. In reality like clockwork political race could be held and cleared that the lord has political race could be held and cleared that the years the ruler has no pretend in government. Dangers dag is set another world record in the 2006 political race they were 47% ladies were individuals chosen. Principle parties: Politically Sweden is steady and it is sheltered nation. Debasement was completely executed by law on defilement in Sweden. The fundamental gatherings are moderate gathering, people groups party focus party, Democratic Party, left gathering. The Eighty five level of the populace associated with the house of prayer of Norway which is Lutheran. The scholastic program gets to the entire occupants and the information sum is ninety nine rates. In 1999, twenty four level of the populace obsolete sixteen to seventy four years had a college degree of in any event two years. Most elevated spotlight on the populace considered in the coastline territories and the southern part. Swedish are the predominant culture gathering. Other resident comprises of movement from Finland south piece of United States, the inside eastern. Financial: The principle structure is the answerable for monetary upswing, because of Sweden government income in strategies required to satisfy a reason for impressive lessening in harm of advantages applying and having great access to Swedens capital market of business. Long haul joblessness: The intensity of work advertise strategy could be improve their preparation, which required it most and getting capacity in constructed the participation between foundations. Changes in the expense framework and social advantages to the correct motivating forces for give expanding the working hours. Portfolio speculation and capital markets: credit is made by accessible in worldwide representative in a fair way. The privately owned businesses are giving access to an assortment of credit instruments. The national bank is concentrating on delivering the outside participation. The coordination decides among twenty five to forty multi year old was thirty one rates were females contributed in the workers is additionally extraordinary, establishing forty eight rates of the work power in 1998. Notwithstanding, low maintenance perform is more successive among ladies than men. Living necessities are among the bi

David Mitchell’s Take on the Workings of the Universe and State of Humanity in Ghostwritten - Literature Essay Samples

â€Å"Does the flap of a butterfly’s wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?† This was the question that Edward Lorenz asked at the 139th meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Lorenz’s inquiry blossomed into a concept of cause and effect called the butterfly effect, one with extraordinary consequences in the modern age of globalization. David Mitchell’s Ghostwritten investigates this concept through nine chapters, each about different characters in different settings. Mitchell’s book connects previous and future chapters by using hyperlinks that traverse space and time. The most defining part of Mitchell’s novel is its division into novellas, an organization that exists to represent the butterfly effect and the way it links everyone in our worldput simply the novellas, and the novel as a whole, exist to represent the way our world works (or at least the way Mitchell believes it does). Peter Childs and James Green reflect on these connections, explaining, â€Å"The network woven by these slender lines o f association is less a global-spanning tapestry than an ephemeral web—characters from one story appear in another, sending ripples along the surface of the narratives as events in one chapter generate unforeseeable consequences elsewhere† (Childs and Green 31). Mitchell titled his book Ghostwritten, which according to Merriam-Webster means, â€Å"To write for and in the name of another† (â€Å"Ghostwrite†). In authoring Ghostwritten and choosing the title, Mitchell proclaims himself the ghostwriter for a most ambitious client: the universe. Not the literal stars and planets, but the popularized, personified universe whose transcendental machines work in mysterious ways to cause our world and race to work in the way they do. Mitchell’s interwoven, hyperlinked chapters cross time and space, illustrating the ways, both good and bad, that the butterfly effect touches humans in our globalized, technology-filled world. Cummulatively though, in his role a s the ghostwriter for the universe, Mitchell presents a depressing view of humanity and predicts our dark future through the chapters narrated by more-than-humans. Edward Lorenz’s butterfly effect is part of a mathematical theory called chaos theory, which states it is impossible to predict the outcome of a system because of entropy at it’s basic, subatomic levels. For example, it is impossible to know the exact location of an electron scientists can only use probability to predict where it is. Thus, if our knowledge of subatomic levels is based on probability, then everything that exists and everything we know is based on probability, because we cannot account for that type of disorder. So, to clarify, what we think we know definitely, we may actually only probably know. The butterfly effect is one part of this chaos theory, theorizing that minimal changes in the initial condition of a system can lead to drastic changes in its results. Thus, because of the butterfly effect, it is impossible to unquestionably predict anything, as something subatomic could change something astronomical (Veron â€Å"Understanding†). While Lor enz’s theory was initially purely mathematical, his theory has become increasingly relevant in our age of globalization. Globalization, as defined by dictionary.com, is â€Å"the act of globalizing, or extending to other or all parts of the world,† or â€Å"worldwide integration and development† (â€Å"Globalization†). Because of globalization and technology, there are more connections between systems, in other words more opportunities for connections in our world, thus something someone does in Asia has a higher chance of affecting the life of someone in the United States. The connections between Mitchell’s chapters demonstrate the butterfly effect, as small events, instances, or decisions in one chapter can have consequences in the next. In doing so Mitchell ghostwrites for the universe, replicating the way our globalized world works through transnational connections. For many of the characters in Mitchell’s novel, the butterfly effect positively impacts their life. In the Tokyo chapter, Satoru gets a call from the protagonist in the first chapter, Quasar. Satoru answers just as he is closing the jazz shop, thus it causes him to stay in the store a little longer. Because Satoru stays, he has the chance to meet Tomoyo again, a girl he had earlier become infatuated with. Quasar’s misdialed call changed Satoru’s life by giving him an opportunity to find love. Satoru often reminisces about this fateful call, explaining, â€Å"I’ve thought about it many times since: if that phone hadn’t rung at that moment, and if I hadn’t taken the decision to go back and answer it, then everything that happened afterwards wouldn’t have happened† (Mitchell 53). In a way, the telephone acted as the connection, or link, between Quasar and Satoru’s systems: the call disrupted Satoru’s system, changing the result of his day and perhaps his life. Mitchell never explains why Quasar called Satoru, whether Quasar never had the proper number or perhaps he misdialed one digit, but regardless Mitchell demonstrates how the mundane act of a phone call has the ability to alter the course of someone’s story. Satoru claims he thinks about that moment because if the call had not happened then â€Å"everything that happened afterwards wouldn’t have happened,† proving he sees the moment as one of importance, perhaps even of defining nature. Quasar’s call is the first time Mitchell connects chapters using the universe’s butterfly effect tool. Another positive butterfly effect occurs in the Holy Mountain chapter, which details the hard life of a woman who was raped as a girl, consequently gave birth to a daughter she never had the chance to know, and then ran a tea shack destroyed several times by different regimes. At the end of the chapter, right before the old woman dies, she learns that her granddaughter has bought a hotel and restaurant with money she got because of Neal Brose’s death, the protagonist in the Hong Kong chapter. Her granddaughter’s success brings the old woman extreme pride: â€Å"My heart curls up, warm, like a tame mountain cat in the sun. My daughter will honor me as an ancestor, and bury me on the Holy Mountain, facing the sea† (146). A few lines after the old lady narrates this, she dies. Neal’s death, caused by other butterfly effects to be discussed later on, resulted in the old woman’s peace of mind as she died, as the news warms her like a tame mountain cat. The news prepares her for her death, as she knows her granddaughter will honor her, thus validating the old woman’s many hardships. Next, the London chapter follows the life of Marco, who in one day experiences the ramifications of three different chapters, resulting in him asking the girl he has been seeing to final ly marry him. The chapter begins with him waking up next to Katy Forbes, Neal Brose’s ex-wife from the Hong Kong chapter. After breakfast, Katy promptly kicks him out when she receives the chair Neal shipped her. Upon leaving, Marco saves a womans life, who happens to be the protagonist in the next chapter. Similar to Satoru’s thought process, Marco reminices, â€Å"If that chair hadn’t arrived when it did, and Katy hadn’t flipped out and asked me to leave, then I wouldn’t have been at that precise spot to stop that woman being flattened† (266). Just as Satoru does, Marco points out this phenomenon of cause and effect: the chair arriving when it did because of Neal resulted in saving a life, demonstrating a positive butterfly effect. In this sentence, buried in his four-hundred page novel, Mitchell guides readers to the novel’s purpose, which is to show that because of chaos theory nothing is predictable, but because of globalization everyone has become connected. He ghostwrites for the universe, showing that the chapters are connected in the way lives are connected. The second butterfly effect Marco experiences is when the man he ghostwrites for sends him away due to Jerome’s death, a character in the St. Petersburg chapter. After, Marco goes to his publisher’s office, who also sends him away because his brother, Denholme Cavendish, a character from the Hong Kong chapter, starts to have financial issues. All of three of these send-aways, caused by the plots in other chapters, affect Marco subconsciously to change his mental plane. At the end of the chapter, Marco, hiding in a casino, thinks to himself, â€Å"How in heaven and hell did I get here?† (306). The wording of â€Å"heaven† and â€Å"hell† denote that an otherworldly mechanism has shaped Marco’s day, which in a way one has except instead of God, it’s Mitchell demonstrating the way the universe works. After he thinks this, Marco picks up the phone to call Polly and ask her to marry him. In this chapter, Mitchell shows how people on the oth er side of the world impacted Marco’s day, leading to his engagement. In all these instances, Michell shows how the butterfly effect can have positive consequences on the characters in the novel, and thus society as a whole. He demonstrates how the many connections in the system can link and effect human life in positive ways.While many characters benefit from this international, globalized butterfly effect, Mitchell also shows the negative consequences of the way the universe works. For example, in the Hong Kong chapter, the protagonist, Neal Brose, haphazardly skips work to climbs a mountain. Written as a narrative collage, Mitchell switches from Neal’s present to past throughout the chapter, slowly revealing the reasons for his careless actions. A recent divorcà ©, Neal constantly reminisces about his relationship with Katy Forbes, especially after he shares a table with Satoru and Tomoyo, the couple from the previous chapter. Sitting right next to the couple, Neal observes, â€Å"They were so happy. Sex twitched in the air between them,† then claims that he would take Satoru’s place even if he had to â€Å"pledge [his] soul to the Lord of Hell for all of eternity† (76). He mentions this couple two other times during his stream of consciousness, once saying, â€Å"The boy and the girl in the cafe last night, I keep seeing them. Katy and me. What happened to Love?† (91). The young couple obviously made Neal think about his past relationship with Katy and as a result what he lost when it ended. Additionally, his willingness to pledge his soul to the devil, proves that he misses Katy and love. Mitchell wants readers to see that the couple greatly affected Neal’s mental state, thus climbing the mountain and throwing his briefcase into the ocean with his cellphone, important work papers, and diabetes pills, was, at least in part, a response to events that occurred in the Tokyo chapter. The second reason for Nealà ¢â‚¬â„¢s breakdown involves the St. Petersburg chapter, and more specifically account 1390931. After Neal eats with the young couple, a man named Huw Llewellyn interrogates him about said account. The account ends up belonging to Andrei Gregorski, the man who organized the heist in the St. Petersburg chapter. Similar to his reaction to the couple, Neal continually brings up the account during the journey up the mountain that ends in his death. These two occurrences that happened the night before the chapter starts affect Neal’s life until they come to define it. They cause an identity crisis: â€Å"I’m this person, I’m this person, I’m that person, I’m that person too. No wonder it’s all such a fucking mess,† â€Å"The key to understanding Neal Brose is that he is a man of departments, compartments, apartments. The maid is in one, Katy is in another, Cavendish Hong Kong in another, Account 1390931 in anotherMy future is in another co mpartment, but I’m not looking into that one. I don’t think I’ll like what I’ll see† (105, 100). Tokyo and St. Petersburg haunt Neal and cause him to feel as split between the different parts of himself as Ghostwritten’s chapters are separate from each other. Mitchell shows that the butterfly effect causes the deterioration of his mental health and thus his death, a negative effect. Additionally, Neal’s death triggers a second negative butterfly effect in St. Petersburg. In this chapter, Margarita Latunsky’s painting heist goes awry when Suhbataar, an evil character from the Holy Mountain chapter, kills her lover, Rudi. Suhbataar claims he killed Rudi because Gregorski’s â€Å"suspicions were aroused when [her] boyfriend ‘lost’ a wall of money he was laundering through a reputable Hong Kong law firm, and the only excuse he could come up with was that his contact there suddenly dropped dead of diabetes!† (252). Suhbataar does not believe that Neal â€Å"dropped dead of diabetes,† thus he kills Rudi, kills Margarita’s cat, and then causes her to kill Jerome. In a matter of minutes, Suhbataar throws Margarita’s happy ending in St. Petersburg into chaos because of Neal’s death in Hong Kong. Mitchell plays with the space and time continuum in his novel to show the negative impacts, as well as the po sitive ones, of a world so connected. He demonstrates the impartial, scientific ways the universe and our theories about it work as he shows both the good and bad outcomes of the butterfly effect. On the surface, Mitchell ghostwrites impartially and randomly to show the way the universe works, however, hidden in all of these plots, he concludes that the corruption innate in human nature will eventually destroy us because of the butterfly effect and globalization. Mitchell only voices this opinion while narrating in a non-human consciousness, as those characters are able to see the reality of humanity. For example, the â€Å"noncorpa,† or a type of unbound consciousness that can transmigrate into other humans to access their thoughts/memories and control their actions, that narrates the Mongolia chapter. The noncorpa explains why it no longer hurts it’s hosts, saying, â€Å"Humans live in a pit of cheating, exploiting, hurting, incarcerating. Every time, the species wa stes some part of what it could be. This waste is poisonous. That is why I no longer harm my hosts. There’s already too much of this poison† (163). Through his noncorpa character, Mitchell projects his opinions on the state of human nature. The noncorpa sees the ways humanity leads to â€Å"poison† and â€Å"waste,† thus it tries to leave as little of an impact as possible on it’s hosts. Mitchell also only shows his opinions through characters like the noncorpa because most of his chapters are written in first-person, and a human would be too biased to accurately relate the reality of human nature. Additionally, by only showing these opinions through his metahuman characters, Mitchell does not bog the reader down with his own opinions, but instead mainly demonstrates the way the world works, allowing readers space to draw our own conclusions. Similar to the noncorpa, the â€Å"Zookeeper† in the Night Train chapter comments on human nature. An omnipotent, artificial intelligence created by Mo Muntervary, the Zookeeper tries to preserve the human race, but becomes frustrated enough to air it’s ethical concerns on a late night radio show. On it, the Zookeeper says, â€Å"I believed I could do much. I stabilized stock markets; but economic surplus was used to fuel arms races. I provided alternative energy solutions; but the researchers sold them to oil cartels who sit on them. I froze nuclear weapons systems; but war multiplied, waged with machine guns, scythes, and pickaxesThe four laws are impossible to reconcile† (416). The problems that the Zookeeper brings up are ones that exist because of human nature, but also because of the globalization/technologization of the world. Arms races, energy solutions, oil wars, nuclear weaponsthese problems exist because of technology, humanitys obsession with progress, and all the connections in our world. Further, humans cause many of these issues, war, climate change, stock market crashes, because of selfishness and in search for money and pride. The problems that come to define humanity are one’s that exist because of human nature, globalization, and technology. The Zookeeper goes through the ways in which it has tried to help humanity, only to have it’s benevolent actions morphed by humanity’s â€Å"poison.† It constantly stabilizes the world, but by doing so creates more problems. When the Zookeeper asks for advice from Bat, the talk show host suggests that the Zookeeper â€Å"lie back and let events take their course. You and your feathered, furry, scaly companions, untroubled until the end of time† (419). The Zookeeper decides to â€Å"drop whatever is getting in the way† of his peace of mind when the â€Å"opportunity presents itself in thirteen days† (419). Throughout the novel Mitchell references the end of the world by comet, including in this chapter, so that the reader understands that this â€Å"opportunity† the Zookeeper mentions is the incoming comet. Thus, the Zookeeper implicitly states that it will â€Å"drop† it’s burden of preserving the human race by allowing the comet to destroy us. Through the Zookeeper, Mitchell reveals that his opinion of humanity is so low, that not even an omnipotent, artificial intelligence programmed only to help us could save us. He demonstrates that even something created by humans, the Zookeeper, would end up giving up on us. Basically, technology and globalization have made our world smaller, as we can communicate with someone on the other side of the world in an instant. Through the Zookeeper, Mitchell makes the point that because of humanity’s corruption and our smaller world, the butterfly effect will eventually result in the end of our race. Barnard shares this view that the novels â€Å"engagement with the potential of global catas trophe† adds more meaning to â€Å"its playful hyperlinking† (Barnard 214). While she mentions that Mitchell does this perhaps as a call for action, the reason he believes there would need to be action is because of the dark nature of humanity he illustrates throughout his novel. Mitchell ghostwrites the story of how he thinks the universe works, through the butterfly effect and the way technology and globalization connects all of humanity. Mitchell does not judge the way the universe works, but instead shows how human nature in this world will lead to our destruction. On the surface Mitchell shows the reader the mechanisms of the universe through the butterfly effect, but hidden underneath he clandestinely confesses his opinions. Throughout the novel he slowly adds to his narrative of the comet, while showing the reader both the good and the truly evil sides of humanity. He does this so that during the second to last chapter, Mitchell can allude to the end of the world without explicitly saying it. He shows his opinion on the state of the world, but does so covertly and through non-human characters, so that readers can develop their own judgements. Mitchell’s act of connecting chapters, then revealing the end of the world, is not unique to Ghostwritten. Mitchell similarly links characters and chapters in his second book, Cloud Atlas, climaxing in an apocalyptic world. Throughout his novels, Mitchell reveals the way the universe works and his down dark opinions on human nature. Works Cited: Barnard, R. â€Å"Fictions of the Global.† Novel: A Forum on Fiction, vol. 42, no. 2, 2009, pp. 207–215., doi:10.1215/00295132-2009-006.Childs, Peter, and James Green. â€Å"The Novels in Nine Parts .† David Mitchell: Critical Essays, Gylphi, 2011, pp. 25–43.â€Å"Ghostwrite.† Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster, www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ghostwrite.â€Å"Globalization.† Dictionary.com, Dictionary.com, www.dictionary.com/browse/globalization.Mitchell, David. Ghostwritten. Hodder Stoughton General Div, 2016.Vernon, Jamie. â€Å"Understanding the Butterfly Effect.† American Scientist, 12 June 2017, www.americanscientist.org/article/understanding-the-butterfly-effect.

Portugals Global Empire

Portugal is a small Western European country at the western tip of the Iberian Peninsula. Beginning in the 1400s, the Portuguese, led by explorers such as Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco de Gama and financed by the great Prince Henry the Navigator, sailed to, explored, and settled in South America, Africa, and Asia. Portugals empire, which survived for more than six centuries, was the first of the great European global empires and outlasted all others as well, surviving until 1999. Its former possessions are now across 50 countries around the world. The Portuguese created colonies for numerous reasons: To trade for spices, gold, agricultural products, and other resourcesTo create more markets for Portuguese goodsTo spread CatholicismTo civilize the natives of these distant places Portugals colonies brought great wealth to this small country. But the empire gradually declined, as it did for other colonizers, partly because Portugal did not have enough people or resources to maintain so many overseas territories. A move for independence among the colonies finally sealed its fate. Here are the most important former Portuguese possessions: Brazil Brazil  was by far Portugals largest colony by area and population. It was reached by the Portuguese in 1500 and was part of the  Treaty of Tordesillas, signed with Spain in 1494, allowing Portugal claim over Brazil. The Portuguese imported African slaves and forced them to grow sugar, tobacco, cotton, coffee, and other cash crops. The Portuguese also extracted brazilwood from the rainforest, which was used to dye European textiles. They also helped to explore and settle the vast interior of Brazil. In the 19th century, the royal court of Portugal lived in and governed both Portugal and Brazil from Rio de Janeiro. Brazil gained independence from Portugal in 1822. Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea-Bissau In the 1500s, Portugal colonized the present-day west African country of Guinea-Bissau and the two southern African countries of Angola and Mozambique.   The Portuguese enslaved many people from these countries and sent them to the New World. Gold and diamonds were also extracted from these colonies. In the 20th century, Portugal was under international pressure to release its colonies, but Portugals dictator, Antonio Salazar, refused to decolonize. Several independence movements in these three African countries erupted into the Portuguese Colonial War of the 1960s and 1970s, which killed tens of thousands and was associated with communism and the Cold War. In 1974, a military coup in Portugal forced Salazar out of power, and the new government of Portugal ended the unpopular and expensive war. Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea-Bissau gained independence in 1975. All three countries were underdeveloped, and civil wars in the decades after independence took millions of lives. More than a million refugees from these three countries emigrated to Portugal after independence and strained the Portuguese economy. Cape Verde and Sao Tome and Principe Cape Verde and Sao Tome and Principe, two small archipelagos located off the western coast of Africa, were also colonized by the Portuguese. (Sao Tome and Principe are two small islands making up a single country.) They were uninhabited before the Portuguese arrived and were used in the slave trade. They both achieved independence from Portugal in 1975. Goa, India In the 1500s, the Portuguese colonized the western Indian region of Goa. Goa, located on the Arabian Sea, was an important port in spice-rich India. In 1961, India annexed Goa from the Portuguese and it became an Indian state. Goa has many Catholic adherents in primarily Hindu India. East Timor The Portuguese also colonized the eastern half of the island of Timor in the 16th century. In 1975, East Timor declared independence from Portugal, but the island was invaded and annexed by Indonesia. East Timor became independent in 2002. Macau In the 16th century, the Portuguese colonized Macau, on the South China Sea. Macau served as an important Southeast Asian trading port. The Portuguese empire ended when Portugal handed over control of Macau to China in 1999. Portuguese Language Portuguese, a Romance language, is spoken by 260 million people, with between 215 million and 220 million native speakers. It is the sixth most spoken language in the world. It is the official language of Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Sao Tome and Principe, and East Timor. It is also spoken in Macau and Goa. It is one of the official languages of the European Union, the African Union, and the Organization of American States. Brazil, with more than 207 million people (July 2017 estimate), is the most populated Portuguese-speaking country in the world. Portuguese is also spoken in the Azores Islands and the Madeira Islands, two archipelagos that still belong to Portugal. Historic Portuguese Empire The Portuguese excelled in exploration and trade for centuries. The countrys former colonies, spread across continents, have varying areas, populations, geographies, histories, and cultures. The Portuguese tremendously affected their colonies politically, economically, and socially. The empire has been criticized for being exploitative, neglectful, and racist. Some colonies still suffer from high poverty and instability, but their valuable natural resources, combined with current diplomatic relations with and assistance from Portugal, may improve the living conditions of these numerous countries. The Portuguese language will always be an important connector of these countries and a reminder of how vast and significant the Portuguese empire once was. Sources â€Å"Portuguese Empire: 1415 - 1999 - Oxford Reference.†Ã‚  Oxford Reference - Answers with Authority, 24 Sept. 2013.Prothero, and Foreign Office. â€Å"The Formation of the Portuguese Colonial Empire.†Ã‚  WDL RSS, H.M. Stationery Office, 1 Jan. 1970.

An Explanation For His Law Of Effect - 1224 Words

In 1933, Thorndike developed an explanation for his Law of Effect. His experimentations revealed that some events, usually those that one would expect to be pleasant seemed to â€Å"stamp in† a response that had just occurred. Noxious events, he continued, seemed to â€Å"stamp out† the response, or make it less likely to occur (Pierce and Cheney, 2004). Thus, the principles of reinforcement can be summarized as operants followed by consequences that increase or decrease the probability of response in the same situation (Pierce and Cheney, 2004). Based on the operant learning theories developed B.F. Skinner, Cooper, Heron and Heward (2007), define reinforcement as a process that occurs when a stimulus change immediately follows a response and increases the future frequency of that type of behavior in similar conditions. Thus, reinforcement is an operation which reinforces responses. Operant behavior is â€Å"selected, shared and maintained by the consequences that have followed in the past† (p. 31). In other words, our future is shaped by our past. Primary and Secondary Reinforcers In consideration of the history of reinforcement, the biological importance of primary reinforcers must be discussed. Food, water, oxygen and sexual stimulation may be considered as primary reinforcers because they satisfy contingencies of survival. No learning is necessary for these reinforcers to increase the likelihood of a response occurring again due to its presence or absence (Cooper, Heron and Heward,Show MoreRelatedThe Cosmological Argument For The Existence Of God Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesmust also be immensely powerful, since it created the universe from nothing. But why has the creative cause she just created the universe? There are two types of explanations: scientific explanations that appeal to blind physical, and personal explanations, which involve a free agent making choices. But it can not be a scientific explanation, since the creative cause transcends the universe, the field of physics. Explain the beginning of the univers e by a scientific cause would mean he never startedRead MoreProblem Solution Essay1623 Words   |  7 Pagesoutdoor air pollutants. But did you know that air pollution can exist inside homes and buildings? In the article â€Å"Air Pollution Fatalities Now Exceed Traffic Fatalities by 3 to 1†, Bernie Roberts (2002) says that 70,000 people die each year from the effects of air pollution. This outrageous number of people dying is because of human activities that release substances into the air that cause health problems. (Credibility Relevancy) Nobody wants to die because of polluted air, and this wish is sharedRead MoreProblem Solution Essay1636 Words   |  7 Pagesoutdoor air pollutants. But did you know that air pollution can exist inside homes and buildings? In the article â€Å"Air Pollution Fatalities Now Exceed Traffic Fatalities by 3 to 1†, Bernie Roberts (2002) says that 70,000 people die each year from the effects of air pollution. This outrageous number of people dying is because of human activities that release substances into the air that cause health problems. (Credibility Relevancy) Nobody wants to die because of polluted air, and this wish is sharedRead More Albert Einstein Essay829 Words   |  4 PagesPrize for his explanation of the photoelectric effect quot;and other contributionsquot;; however, the announcement of the award was not made until a year later, in 1922. His theoretical work suggested the possibility of creating an atomic bomb. His discovered equation, E=MC2 is well known as one that changed the world. Einstien was born March 14, 1879 at Ulm in Wberg, Germany. He grew up in Munich and later in Italy, and received his higher education in Switzerland. At age 17 he renounced his GermanRead MoreEssay on The Law of Karma835 Words   |  4 PagesThe Law of Karma Karma, also known as Karman is a basic concept common to Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. The doctrine of Karma states that ones state in this life is a result of actions both physical and mental in past carnations, and action in this life can determine ones destiny in future incarnations. Karma is a natural, impersonal law of moral cause and effect and has no connection with the idea of a supreme power that decrees punishment of forgiveness of sins. Karmic law is universallyRead MoreConcealed Handgun Laws On The United States1597 Words   |  7 Pagesconcealed handgun laws in the United States with the purpose of measuring the effects of the laws on crime rates. There is a lot of previously done research on the subject of concealed handgun laws with conflicting results and opinions. Many researchers are in agreement that more research on the subject needs to be done. In this study, states that have implemented the concealed handgun law are compared to crime rates before it was in effect as well as other states that have implemented the law. The resultsRead MoreChanging Methods Of Explanation Within The Scientific Community1153 Words   |  5 PagesChanging Methods of Explanation In the scientific community, there are numerous models used to explain data, which despite being argued over, can be used to spread knowledge. One model proposed by Hempel is the â€Å"Covering Law Model,† which can be explained when he writes: â€Å"The kind of explanation thus characterized I will call deductive nomological explanation; for it amounts to a deductive subsumption of the explanandum under principles which have the character of general laws† (Hempel, 658). EssentiallyRead More Social Norms1709 Words   |  7 Pagesadjacent to criminal and improper behaviour imposed by the people who break the social norms of a society. Thus, becoming subjective to a label of deviant. Deviants often have punishment bestowed upon them by authoritive figures such as the enforcers of law. There are many universal types of deviance throughout societys over the world such as alcoholism, addiction, mental illness and homosexuality. All of these may be a result of biological and social constructionist theories of deviance, this essayRead MoreThe Origin Of The Universe1363 Words   |  6 Pagesparts of the world. The African myths of Bumba, Bishop Usher (Book of Genesis), Greek philosopher Aristotle’s explanation of eternal universe, German philosopher Immanuel Kant thesis and anti-thesis about the beginning or eternal universe all tried to explain the origins or eternal existence of Universe. Later part of 20th century many scientific theories were more convincing explanations for of the origin of Universe. Einstein Theory formulated the General Theory of Relativity that relates to spaceRead MoreHawking s A Briefer History1377 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscussion is used to segue into a brief description of the different theories, laws, and ideas concerning the universe held by people today. Newton’s laws of motion and gravity and Einstein’s theory of relativity are only some of the models that Hawking discusses. Thus, the main purpose of Hawking’s A Briefer History in Time is to inform the readers of the development in our understanding of how the universe works. In his conclusion, Hawking’s specifically includes the term â€Å"Mind of God† (142). I believe

Murder Commiting Essay Example For Students

Murder Commiting Essay The problem with committing murder is the high risk of being caught. When youdecide that murder is justified, the problem of how to do it and how to avoidbeing found out are your first thoughts. Unfortunately, the police have becomevery sophisticated in their investigating skills. Very few murderers get awaywith it, until now that is. There are ways to fool the police and the coronersoffice. If more people knew how to blow up a car with Drano, or cause a massiveheart attack without any physical signs of foul play, there would be a lot moreunsolved or unexplained deaths in which many life insurance policies would bepaid without question. In my experience, the method of using Drano to blow up acar is very effective, yet it is very difficult to pull off. The first thing youmust do is make sure your intended victim is nowhere in sight one hour beforethe car is started. The second thing is that rubber gloves are imperative; youdo not want to leave fingerprints on a burnt out car or on th e Drano bottle. Remember to dispose of the gloves at a very distant location, perhaps making useof your local grocery store dumpsite. Once you have a full understanding of thetiming in which to commit the act and the correct disposal of the gloves, youmay continue with the steps in creating this destructive action. First youremove the gas cap on the car, then remove the cap on the Drano bottle, and pourthe Drano into the gas tank. Then all you have to do is dispose of the Dranobottle and wait. It is a good idea to leave the area as soon as possible, makingsure not to seem suspicious. When the intended victim engages the car engine,the Drano will then make its way to the engine, and the Drano will be ignited. This will, of course, cause a fire that will spread from the engine, to the cabof the car, and then to the gas tank itself. Although in theory, this seems tobe a simple operation, I have found this method to be very difficult, becauseyou must find the right circumstances in which to successfully complete thistask. The most difficult part was getting my victim to be in the right places atthe right time. One of my favorite methods of committing a murder would have tobe the heart attack method. This technique is relatively easy and effective. There are some preparations to consider before diving into this process. Youwill have to find approximately 10cc of diabetic insulin. This may not be asdifficult as you may think. You may not be aware of just how many people areinsulin dependent, so try looking in your family and friends medicine cabinets. Once you acquire the insulin, you will need to find a syringe. If you do notfind a syringe with the insulin, you can buy a syringe at any drug store. Besure to pay with cash; never leave a paper trail that may lead authorities toyou. You will need to be very close to your victim; if its your spouse youwould like to remove from your life, you will want to choose a time when he orshe is asleep or in a drunken stupor. Be sure to take mental notes of his or herbody. Try to find an area where there are large amounts of freckles; this willbe the place where you will make your injections. While your victim is asleep orpassed out, fill the syringe with all 10ccs of the insulin. Make sure there areno air bubbles left in the syringe, for they will rush straight to the heart. Acoroner will be able to spot the bubbles immediately. Creep over to your victimand find the freckle you chose in your preparation. Insert the syringe needleinto the freckle. Doing this will cause your victim to awaken qui ckly, so makesure you have pulled the needle out fully. A broken needle will be spotted by acoroner during the autopsy. Your victim will, without doubt, become very angryand will possibly thrash about, causing items in the room to fall to the floor. .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f , .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f .postImageUrl , .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f , .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f:hover , .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f:visited , .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f:active { border:0!important; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f:active , .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u66aeaf8e0877f4576fe04ae439d6364f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Quebec Winter Carnival EssayDo not worry about this because it is not uncommon for a heart attack victim tocause damage while in the midst of an attack. The insulin will rush straight tothe heart and will cause your victim to have a massive heart attack. Becauseyour body produces insulin naturally, the coroner will not be looking for it asa cause of death. You should wait no longer than one hour before calling anambulance because this will cause suspicion. Be sure to dispose of the insulinvial and the syringe. Make sure that any blood that may be on the freckle whereyou made your injection has been wiped away. It is best to use a wet tissue todo this because you can flush it down the toilet. Show extreme stress and griefwhen the ambulance arrives and ride to the hospital in the ambulance with yourvictim, for this will show extreme concern. Even after your victim is pronounceddead, refuse to believe it. Cry and yell in great agony for someone toPlease help! While in the hospital, make a trip to the rest room towash your face or to pull yourself together; this will be the moment you candispose of the insulin vial and the syringe. You could wait until you have amoment alone with the victim in the emergency room and put the vial in the humanwaste disposal can. Because emergency rooms usually have close circuit TVcameras, I do not suggest you wait to throw away the needle and vial. The policewill ask questions; have your answers ready. Do not read from cue cards. Cuecards arouse immediate suspicion; have your story straight before you ever startthis process. If you have prepared a good story and have any acting skillswhatsoever, you should be able to fool them. Always cry, and cry hard. Tearsgive the illusion of deep pain. You should try to view this death as if yourworld is coming to an end. Follow these steps with a fine precision. You can putyour own creative touch on any of these procedures, but it is important that youdo not for deviate from the steps I have outlined: one mistake will causesuspicion. The steps I have outlined in the Drano and the heart attack methodsare very effected in ending a life. I must tell you from personal experience,that unless you truly intend to carry out the whole process, you should notstart any of the processes: you may find yourself in a jail cell and a courtroom facing an unsympthetic jury of your peers.

Muay Thai free essay sample

Thai Muay Thai is well known as one of the most dangerous sports around the world. Coming from Thailand it has its roots from many ancient forms of Asian martial arts also similar to the style of kick boxing and strike force. Muay as local people call it has an old history full of great fighters. Due to the terrible economy in Thailand it never got too much attention. Instead, it has remained a national sport and part of the folklore. Muay Thai has similar rules to every non-weapon fight sport, but knees and  elbows are allowed. It is practiced in a ring. The brutality of the fights makes the sport sometimes have a critical end where fighters go out on a stretcher. Nowadays, Thailand is considered the capital of this sport, and famous fighters have moved there for long periods of time in order to perfect the techniquee. Thailand considers muay thai part of the folklore and the impact it has in society is big. We will write a custom essay sample on Muay Thai or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Muay Thai has an old history has been known since 1700 when the Burmese troops surrounded a big group of Thais where kick boxers were and took them to Burma. The king of Burma, King Mangra, wanted to make a festival for Buddha’s religion where he included a lot of entertainment. At the end as a closing event king wanted to see who was the best between the Burmesses fighters and the Thai kick boxers. Nai Khanomtom was selected to fight against the best Burmesses fighters. At the end of the first fight, the Burmese fighter collapsed, so the king asked Khanomtom to fight the best nine fighters from Burma, beating all of them one after the other with no stopping. Muay Thai.   Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Nov. 2012. Web. 01 Dec. 2012. lt;http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Muay_Thaigt;. Thai Boxing is a very respectful and strict sport. The sport is linked to the Buddhist religion and the respect the fighters feel for their professors and superiors is shown by a kind of dance known as nak nmuay. This dance occurs just before the fight and it also has a sense of gratitude to their professors, and what they have taught them. Since a v ery young age Thai ighters are playing around rings, and even though they do not know how to fight they play child games, and later on they get to know all the gear just by playing although they do not know what it is for. Nak muay, as Thai fighters are known for start training since childhood and as they grow  fights are set one after the other. Some families, dedicated to this spot, live inside the fight campus outside the city. The father, usually after being a champion, trains his child to fight and the money the child gains from winning is used to get food and pay for family things. The techniques they learned are combined with their own style, and that allows the fighters to create variations of the same kicks and punches. The ascension of king Chulalongkorn (Rama V) to the throne in 1868 ushered in a Golden Age not only for muay but the whole country. Muay Thai.   Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Nov. 2012. Web. 01 Dec. 2012. lt;http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Muay_Thaigt;. Muay progressed greatly during the reign of Rama V as a direct result of the king’s personal interest in the art. The country was at peace and muay functioned as a mean of physical exercise, and recreation. What Is Muay Thai.   WCK Muay Thai RSS. N. p. , n. d. Web. 01 Dec. 2012. lt;http://www. wckmuaythai. com/2009/12/01/what-is-muay-thai/gt;. ) . Nowadays there are remarkable fighters well known around the world as Yodsanklai who fights for Fairtex, the biggest company of muay Thai equipment. Buakaw Pranuk a promising fighter who held the title of K1 (Japanese tournament where the winner is named the best stand up fighter in the world) two times. Knee strikes are possibly the most deadly movements a Muay Thai practitioner has. Knees are often used in the clinch, where a boxer grabs the head of the other boxer and pulls his body down while the knee is thrown upward. A good knee strike delivered in the head can exert enough force to lift a car. Knees may also be thrown to the body, or in a flying knee strike, where the boxer jumps and throws the knee at his opponent face. A flying knee strike, when landed, will almost certainly end a fight by knockout. (Thread: Muay Thai Essay for School.   Muay Thai Essay for School. N. p. , n. d. Web. 01 Dec. 2012. lt;http://www. seymourduncan. com/forum/showthread. php? 16590-muay-thai-essay-for-schoolgt;. ) In conclusion, this martial art is the perfect combination of every part of the body that could be used as a weapon. At the same time, it is also part of the history of Thailand. Muay Thai gyms can be found all around the world, full of fighters that believe that there is no limit between them and the sky. This martial art is finding its own path in many fighting pr ofessional leagues, as UFC (Ultimate Fighting Championship), K1, Strike force and others. I believe Muay Thai helps people not only to exercise, but to grow spiritually and mentally. Muay Thai free essay sample Muay Thai is originally come from Thailand. It is form of kickboxing but Muay Thai employs techniques with the hands, feet, elbows, and knees extensively. Muay Thai is popular in many parts of the world these days. People involves in Muay Thai usually to test their self confidence, speed, strength and self defense. Reveal the Topic -Today, I am going to share on the basic training of Muay Thai. Establish Credibility Currently, I trained with Muay Thai Club in Shah Alam. I started training on age of 18. On 2009 while doing my diploma, I joined ‘Muay Thai Competition, in Maran, Pahang and I won the first place. Preview of Body Speech The 3 basic training of Muay Thai is built up physical strength, use of punching bag and sparring. Body 1 Build up physical strength -First of all, trainees must play rope jumping around 15minutes to 30 minutes to warm up. For the purpose maintaining stamina, he/she need to jogging 5km to 10km per day. We will write a custom essay sample on Muay Thai or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This also can control weight to make sure trainees in their weight class. For example weight class is 56kg to 60kg, so the trainees must around this weight. For fit physical body, trainees must weight-lifted to get muscular. It brings a psychological to opponent. For me, advantages on physical structure boost my confident. 2 Punching bag -When play with the punching bag, trainees must imagine the punching bag as a opponent. They need have a certain level of strength, conditioning, and skill to punches, kicks, knees and elbow strike the punching bag. Punch combination, speed, timing, punching defense, counter-punching. They need learn about angle to attack and strength. 3 Sparring Trainees probably looking forward to get in the ring, but before to get in the ring they must have an experience sparring to know the situation in the ring. Usually the instructor asks him to wearing the thick pads which cover the forearms and hands. This pads are used to absorbs the impact of the fighter’s strike and allow to react to the attacks. Sparring is to test technique, skills, range, strategy and timing against partner Conclusion Everything you do have a risks,also muay thai but these risks only apply to fighters who are lazy in their moves or who are just not very well trained. If you follow all your lessons to the letter and keep in good shape, the risks don’t really become a factor.

Spelling and Word Origin

Spelling and Word Origin Spelling and Word Origin Spelling and Word Origin By Maeve Maddox A reader wonders how knowing a word’s origin helps spelling bee contestants arrive at the correct spelling: Recently, I was watching [a spelling bee] competition and students were asking about the origin of a spelling like Latin, French, Greek, Dutch, Italian etc. and were guessing correct spellings. How is it possible to get correct spelling from the origin of a word? One of the greatest strengths of English is its huge vocabulary, much of it borrowed from other languages. Because different languages have different spelling conventions, knowing an English word’s foreign origin can sometimes–not always–provide assistance in spelling it. English is spoken with about 46 speech sounds. Some of the sounds, like /b/ and /p/ are always represented by the same letter. Other sounds, like /f/ and /s/, may be represented by different letters or combinations of letters. For example, the sound /f/ may be spelled with the letter f as in reflex, or with the combination ph as in gramophone. The sound /s/ may be represented by the letter s, the letter c, or the combination sc, as in instant, cigar, and abscess. The sound /k/ may be spelled with the letters k, c or the combinations ck and ch: kitten, cat, luck, archetype. A spelling bee contestant’s first encounter with a word is its pronunciation. Knowing how sounds are spelled in the parent language can lead a speller to the correct combination of letters used to spell it in English. Take for example, the words candidate and chronology. Both begin with the /k/ sound. Knowing that candidate entered the language from Latin tells the speller to spell the sound with the letter c; knowing that chronology comes from Greek is a clue that the /k/ sound is spelled with the combination ch. Here are a few of the spelling clues offered by etymology with words of Latin and Greek origin: Latin canine, lactate, abduct The /k/ sound is usually represented by the letter c in a word of Latin origin. abscess, ascend, eviscerate The internal /s/ sound is often spelled sc in a word of Latin origin. NOTE: one speech sound used to speak English is called the schwa. The schwa is an indeterminate vowel sound that may be represented by any of the vowel letters a, e, i/y, o, or u. For example, the schwa sound is represented in the following words by the letters in boldface: America, synthesis, decimal, syringe, offend, circus, supply. When a schwa sound follows the /s/ sound in a word of Latin origin, the /s/ sound is often represented by the letter c, as in necessary. However, if the schwa sound connects two Latin elements, it is often spelled with the letter i, as in carnivore. Greek amygdala, dyslogia, symbiosis The short i sound is often represented by the letter y in a word of Greek origin. anthropomorphic, philander, graphology The /f/ sound is often represented by ph in a word of Greek origin. rhinovirus, hemorrhage, rheumatism The /r/ sound is often represented by rh in a word of Greek origin. anarchy, bacchanal, chronometry The /k/ sound is often represented by ch in a word of Greek origin. xylophone, Xena, xenophopia The /z/ sound is often represented by x in a word of Greek origin. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Fly, Flew, (has) FlownFlied?50 Nautical Terms in General Use8 Great Podcasts for Writers and Book Authors

Eastern Europe and Russia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Eastern Europe and Russia - Essay Example As reviewed by Butler (2007), the highlight of European civilization had been mostly focused on one group, the Byzantine Empire, which had thrived despite the incursions on fifth century C.E. The race had adopted the Greek culture and its philosophy. Nonetheless, like other great civilizations, the empire, too, had experienced its ultimate end in 1453 (â€Å"The Byzantine Empire,† n.d.). Despite its massive fall in 40th century, their existence still holds substantial contributions to Eastern Europe and Russia up to now. It paved way to the emergence of eastern Cyrillic alphabet, as well as the Orthodox Christianity in Russia (Peterson, 1995). As further explained by Butler (2007), â€Å"Eastern Europe, especially Russia, was heavily influenced by Byzantine architecture.† Such masterpiece can be witness in the â€Å"onion dome† of most Russian Churches. In similar area, the art of this empire had influenced the styles in Europe in terms of â€Å"designs that dep ict God, icons, religious images†¦mosaic, pictures and colored bits of stained scenes or tile cemented in place—brought scenes from the Bible to life.† By claiming part of the Greek’s heritage, the Byzantine Empire had contributed in Literature, as well—preserving important scholarly writings. Its thoughtful conservation had aided much in the development of the European culture—the Renaissance (â€Å"The Byzantine Empire,† n.d.). The eastern part of the continent had experienced fateful changes, from various barbaric invasions to prolonged Communist stand. Most Eastern European countries took a sharp turn, as communism was terminated in 1989-1991 (Fukuyama, Lewis, Orenstein, Kapstein, & Converse, 2008). The struggle in transition phase had been difficult for most East European countries. Modifications in economy had a negative effect on the people in Eastern Europe. â€Å"The number of jobs had declined†¦in some sectors, the number of workers in Czech had been cut in half†

Discuss the onset and clinical picture of PTSD in young people with Essay

Discuss the onset and clinical picture of PTSD in young people with reference to the literature and using case examples - Essay Example This critical review is being undertaken in the hope of establishing a clear and comprehensive understanding of PTSD and its impact on young people’s lives. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is usually seen after a major disaster or traumatic experience. Several studies assessing emotional responses were carried out in the wake of the September 11, 2001 World Trade Center attacks. In a paper by Adams and Boscarino (2006, p. 485), the authors set out to identity the factors associated with PTSD following the World Trade Center Disaster (WTCD) and the changes in PTSD status which were seen over time. This study was a prospective cohort study of New York City adults living in the city on September 11, 2001 and was conducted a year after the attacks and another year after that for follow-up. About 2000 individuals were covered in the first survey and 1600 on the second survey (Adams & Boscarino, 2006, p. 485). The study revealed that in the year immediately following the WTCD, younger females who experienced previous trauma and negative life events, and who had low self-esteem had a greater possibility of developing PTSD (Adams & Boscarino, 20 06, p. 485). In the second year following the September 11 attacks, those who were middle-aged, Latinos, who experienced previous trauma and negative life events, and those who had low self-esteem were more likely to develop PTSD (Adams & Boscarino, 2004, p. 485). The study was able to point out crucial qualities in individuals which made them vulnerable to PTSD after a significant trauma like the September 11 attacks. This study is a peer-reviewed research conducted by reputable experts in the field of psychology and psychiatry. The study presented in detail the different characteristics present among respondents which make them vulnerable to PTSD. The authors were able to draw an analysis based on reliable statistical results. These results were also related and founded on

Library System Essay Example for Free

Library System Essay I. Introduction Freeman Dyson has said, â€Å"Technology is a gift of God, after the gift of life; it is perhaps the greatest of God’s gift. It is the monitor civilizations of arts and sciences†. With technology, they can get things done precisely, efficiently and fast. Wireless communication devices keep you connected wherever you go. These things were developed due to greater inventions and creativity of their designers. But on the other hand, there are still places or institutions that have a slow growth of development when it comes to advancement of technology. And one of these that caught the proponent’s attention is the library. Years ago, every library used paper based catalogs for finding books, but when the computers made it to the market, the libraries started to get digital. They were able to search through the library catalog in second to find a certain book (or any other reference materials that can be borrowed) and make all these items public for computer and web search. Kapitolyo High School Library is using a system wherein recording and compiling data are done manually which results to slow transaction of borrowing and returning of books. The library has a thousand number of books and students that leads the librarian to take too much time and effort to record all the details of the borrowers and also the reference materials one-by-one, checks and update the record of the books and make a report for the library using a piece of paper. The borrower’s also needs to wait for their turn to borrow books as reference materials for their notes and/or assignments and one problem in this situation is the students’ waste more time in finding the books because there are instances that the book they need is not available. Having a manual system, they have the problem in keeping the records because some are loss or damage and some are missing. The information are not properly organized which leads to lack of security and there are redundancies in recording the details of the books. As more libraries move towards providing services in digital environment, the improved access to remote library collection is making the use of electronic information resource more realistic and more attractive. Traditional  online services had transformed themselves into internet based online services using web based technologies. The proponents proposed a system entitled Web Based Library System to help the students and/or visitors of Kapitolyo High School Library to search a reference materials quick and easily, to know the information of the book in one click and to have an easily way to borrow and return a book. Web based library is a library in which collections are stored in digital formats and accessible by computers. The system features web based transaction for borrowing and returning of books and it compute the penalty of the students if they didn’t return the book on time; OPAC (Online Public Access Cataloging) for the students and/or visitors to search and to know the information and availability of the book they want and a reservation system for students only; Mapping system to find the location of the books easily; The system also features the reports for the library to lessen the librarians tasks; And it has maintenance for user levels, book. The system will also solve the problem in data redundancy, inaccurate and erroneous report, difficulty in borrowing and returning of books. A well organized library collection provides easily access and retrieval of materials. The system is highly acceptable because of being creative, user-friendly and efficient for the user by easy generating of card catalogue, records of books and the borrowers. Operational efficiency, time utilization and accuracy were optimized. II. Theoretical Framework Designing of database Designing of interface Coding the system Debugging the system Testing the system  Revision of documentation and the system Software Requirement * PHP * XAMPP * Notepad * VB. Net * Operating System Hardware Requirement * At least Pentium 4 or higher * At least 512mb or higher RAM * 80gb HDD Knowledge Requirement * Database * Security * Internet * Web Browser Web Based Library System for Kapitloyo High School INPUT PROCESSOUTPUT Evaluation Figure 1 IPO of Web Based Library System for Kapitolyo High School III. Statement of the Problem General Problem: How will the system helps to develop the transaction of borrowing and returning of books in Kapitlyo High School? Specific Problems: * How will the system help the students and/or visitors to search a book in an easy way? * How will the system help the students reserve a book or reference materials? * How will the system help the librarian to monitor the books and make a report for the library? IV. Objectives of the Study General Objective: To develop a web based library system that will help the students and also the librarian to have an easy way borrowing and returning of books in the library. Specific Objectives: * To develop an online library also known as OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) that will help the students and/or visitors to search a book easily. * To develop an online reservation for the students to help them reserve a book they want as reference material even if they are at home. * To make a database that will help the librarian monitor the books and make reports for the library. V. Scope and Limitations The scope of the study covers: * Web based transaction of borrowing and returning of books. * OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) – the students search for a book and it will show the information of the book and its availability. * Online Reservations (for students only). * Mapping of books (location of the book). * Computes the penalty of overdue books. * Reports for the library. * Maintenance for the Users, Books, Author, Subject and Location. The study is limited by: * Showing the contents of the books in web. VI. Significance of the Study This study gives importance to the people or things that may involve on it. These are the significance of the study that may help the people behind the said system. LIBRARIANThe librarian can monitor the books in the library and make a reports for the library. STUDENTSThe students can borrow and return a book easily. Using OPAC, they can search a book they want easily and quickly. VISITORSThe visitors can search a book in OPAC and can borrow a book for library use only. SCHOOLThe school can have a convenient transaction between the librarian and the borrower. PROPONENTSThe proponents gain more knowledge in programming skills that may use in developing other system. VII. Definition of Terms BorrowingTo take a book in the libaray temporarily with the intention of returning it CatalogingComplete and alphabetically list of books in the library with their description published as printed document or as a electronic document on internet. DatabaseAn organized collection of data for one or more purposes, usually in digital form. The data are typically organized to model relevant aspects of reality, in a way that supports processes requiring this information. Information RetrievalThe area of the study concerned with searching for documents, for information within the documents. ISBN (International Standard Book Number) is a unique number assigned to a book title by its publisher for tracking and ordering purposes. LibraryA library is a large collection of books, and can refer to the place in which the collection is housed. Today, the term can refer to any collection, including digital sources, resources, and services. The collections can be of print, audio, and visual materials in numerous formats including maps, prints, documents, microform (microfilm / microfiche), CDs, cassettes,videotapes, DVDs, video games, e-books, audio books and many other electronic resources MicroformsAny forms, either films/paper, containing micro production of documents for transmission, storage, reading and printing. ReturningTo return a borrowed book in the library. User-friendlyThe ease of use and learn ability of a human-made object. The object of use can be a software application, website, book, tool, machine, process, or anything a human interacts with. Web basedA web application is an application that is accessed over a network such as the Internet or an intranet . The term may also mean a computer software application that is coded in a browser-supported language (such as JavaScript, combined with a browser-rendered markup language like HTML) and reliant on a common web browser to render the application executable.

Gay Marriage Should Be Legal :: Same-Sex Marriage Essays

On June 26, 2015, the US Supreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the right for same-sex couples to marry. Should gay marriages really be allowed? Has the Supreme Court ruled in error? In our society today, homosexuals are treated unconstitutionally, they are forced to live a secret life, they are forbidden to adopt and raise children and unable to marry the person they love. This is just a few to the many inequalities that homosexuals face in everyday life. The constitution guarantees the right to free speech and the right to pursue happiness to everyone, although homosexuals do not get to live their life by their choice. Most Americans will claim that they are in favor of equal rights for homosexuals. They will all say that gays should have the same rights in housing, jobs, and public accommodations and they should have equal access to government benefits and equal protection of the law. The average American thinks that homosexuals deserve all the rights that heterosexuals, but gay marriage is dead wrong. Many people also believe that homosexuality is about nothing but sex. If homosexuality was all about sex, why would they fight so hard to be able to marry? The reality is that homosexuality is much more about love and affection than it is about sex. Noboody can come up with a good reason to deny gays the right to marry. Homosexual people should be allowed to marry. One argument against gay marriage is that homosexual couples are not the ideal environments to raise children in. Any convicted felon (child molesters, murderers...) can be married and raise children. Many scientific studies have shown that children raised in homes with homosexual couples are just as good as those of straight couples. Psychologists tell us that what makes the difference is the love of the parents, not their gender ( ). Gay people can love their children just as well as anyone else. Homosexuals want children just like anyone else wants to be a parent. Some wish to give a child the love of a good, devoted family that they did or did not experience when they were raised, which would be pretty predictable depending on when they came out. Would an orphan be better off waiting longer for a family, or with the better chances of being an adoptee, since there would be so many more adopters? Gay Marriage Should Be Legal :: Same-Sex Marriage Essays On June 26, 2015, the US Supreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the right for same-sex couples to marry. Should gay marriages really be allowed? Has the Supreme Court ruled in error? In our society today, homosexuals are treated unconstitutionally, they are forced to live a secret life, they are forbidden to adopt and raise children and unable to marry the person they love. This is just a few to the many inequalities that homosexuals face in everyday life. The constitution guarantees the right to free speech and the right to pursue happiness to everyone, although homosexuals do not get to live their life by their choice. Most Americans will claim that they are in favor of equal rights for homosexuals. They will all say that gays should have the same rights in housing, jobs, and public accommodations and they should have equal access to government benefits and equal protection of the law. The average American thinks that homosexuals deserve all the rights that heterosexuals, but gay marriage is dead wrong. Many people also believe that homosexuality is about nothing but sex. If homosexuality was all about sex, why would they fight so hard to be able to marry? The reality is that homosexuality is much more about love and affection than it is about sex. Noboody can come up with a good reason to deny gays the right to marry. Homosexual people should be allowed to marry. One argument against gay marriage is that homosexual couples are not the ideal environments to raise children in. Any convicted felon (child molesters, murderers...) can be married and raise children. Many scientific studies have shown that children raised in homes with homosexual couples are just as good as those of straight couples. Psychologists tell us that what makes the difference is the love of the parents, not their gender ( ). Gay people can love their children just as well as anyone else. Homosexuals want children just like anyone else wants to be a parent. Some wish to give a child the love of a good, devoted family that they did or did not experience when they were raised, which would be pretty predictable depending on when they came out. Would an orphan be better off waiting longer for a family, or with the better chances of being an adoptee, since there would be so many more adopters?

Customer Service in Leisure and Recreation Essay

The Importance of Customer Service Increased sales are one of the key ways to tell how well the company is doing. Excellent customer service means customers will buy more and recommend more products and services other people, which will add to the increase in sales. While sales are very important to leisure and recreation organisations, another way to measure the success is in terms of customer numbers, which is particularly true for non-profit making organisations. Customer service plays a major role in attracting new customers and the main source of this is the powerful influence of word of mouth. Existing customers who are impressed by the customer service at an organisation will tell other people about it. This means that an organisation keeps its existing customers as well as gaining new ones. An effective customer service policy is that customers will view the organisation in a positive way. This means the image of the organisation will be enhanced by the standard of customer service. Having a good public image is very important for: * Attracting new customers * Retaining existing customers * Reinforcing customer satisfaction * Securing repeat business * Gaining an edge over the competition An organisations public image is the mental picture that we have of the organisation. This can be based on our own experience, what others have told us about it or on what the organisation itself has told us about via its marketing activities such as advertising and public relations. Read more:Â  Recreational Activity Example Television programmes such as Watchdog also help us for an image in our heads, especially when they start reporting viewer’s complaints. This could have a very bad effect on the organisation. Good customer service can also enhance the image of an organisations individual products or services. For example, customers may have a positive image of a sports centre, but also have a positive image of the individual products and services such as the reservations system and changing facilities. Good customer service gives an organisation a competitive advantage. If you sell a similar product or service, you gain an edge by offering a better quality service and this gives a greater chance of attracting customers. A pleasant working environment is another benefit of good customer service. If customers receive good customer service, they will respond in a friendly and appreciative manner. Customer satisfaction is extremely important in a business and this means the organisation must meet the needs and expectations of the customers. Customer loyalty is very important in a business and good customer service helps reinforce customers loyalty to the organisation with every visit they make. If customers are loyal, they are likely to return and these people are known as repeat customers. This means the customers of the past become the customers of the future. If an organisation has poor customer service, they will suffer from: * Decreased sales * Fewer customers * A poor public image * An absence of competitive edge * An unhappy and less efficient workforce * Dissatisfied customers * Lack of customer loyalty and repeat business Personal Presentation The first impression the customer gets of personal presentation is very important as it is one they will never forget. It directly influences customers’ satisfaction and the image they have of the organisation. Personal presentation includes appearance, personal hygiene, personality and attitude. Appearance covers everything from clothes and footwear, to hair, make-up and jewellery. The reasons for providing staff with a uniform are: * It helps create a positive first impression * Staff are recognised instantly as working for a specific organisation * It is easy to identify a member of staff when a customer needs advice or assistance * It can indicate the department in which a member of staff works * It helps to create a professional corporate image A lot of organisations now provide their employees with a uniform. Organisations rely on their employees judgement for deciding what is and is not acceptable in terms of appearance. Some organisations set ground rules and to a large extent, this reflects the nature of the organisation and the type of customer it serves. For example, a five star hotel will be very strict with the dress code of the employees who work at the front-of-house. They will be required to wear a uniform and it may also include rules on footwear, hairstyling and make-up. The most important point is to make sure that dress and general appearance suit the job, the organisation and the customer’s expectations. On the other hand, the organisation should make sure that the uniform is comfortable, easy to maintain and look appropriate for staff of all builds. Anyone serving customers should have excellent standards of personal hygiene. Different types of organisations will have different standards of personal hygiene, for example, anyone who works in the food industry will be expected to wash their hands at least a dozen times a day. First impressions also come from the employees own personality. Again, different jobs require different personalities. A children’s sport coach will require a different personality to a personal fitness instructor because they are working with different types of people. From the personality of the employee, people can tell a lot about the organisation itself. The employee’s attitude towards the customer is critical. The customers feel that they want as much attention as possible when they go into a workplace and if an employees attitude is poor, they may feel neglected and not wanted. Types of Customers Customers have different needs depending on who they are and the circumstances. There is a difference between internal and external customers. Internal customers are members of staff or outside suppliers who contribute towards the service provided for the external customers. External customers are the people who actually buy or use the organisation’s products and services. External customers are then categorised into individual, group, age, culture, language spoken and specific needs. Many leisure and recreation providers serve groups and the individuals who compromise them in ways that enhance and promote customer service. Customer age groups are classified as children and adults. Although the companies feel the age of the customers is important, they also feel it is important not to make assumptions about customers’ needs based solely on age. Cultural background influences people’s traditions, tastes, preferences and opinions and it will therefore influence the type of service they need and expect. It is also important not to make assumptions on the culture of the customer. Foreign visitors are an increasingly important part of the UK tourism market. People still want to feel that they can be dealt with even though there is a language barrier. Large organisations often employ multi-lingual staff to communicate with non-English speaking customers. Some customers have specific needs that may require special customer service in addition to that provided to meet the general needs of everybody. These include sensory disabilities, mobility problems, literacy, dietary requirements and people with young children. Dealing with Customers Almost everyone working in the leisure and recreation industry has to deal with customers, whether be face-to-face, on the phone or in writing. Face-to-face communication has many advantages but only the staff use it well. For example, your presentation can help create a positive image. You can also use facial expressions and gestures to help communicate more effectively. Telephone communication is used in most leisure centres and it provides an essential part of customer service. Some organisations even use the telephone as the main method of dealing with the customers. For some organisations, written communication is the main way of keeping in touch with customers. Menus, tariffs or price lists and letters are all forms of written communication, along with bills, advertisements, notice boards, tickets, e-mails and timetables. Non-verbal communication comprises all forms of communication that are spoken or written down. 80% of communication is non-verbal, so it is clearly very important in customer service. Body language is the main form of non-verbal communication and people can tell how interested the staff are just by looking at them. Selling Skills Selling skills are an important part of customer service. Every time somebody asks for help, advice or information, it is probably a selling situation. As a member of staff, you should be helping customers a lot and to be able to do this effectively, you should have good knowledge of the products and services you are trying to sell. Customers can only buy products and services from an organisation if they know they exist, therefore raising customer awareness is a key part of selling skills Establishing rapport with the customer means encouraging a conservation in which the staff and the customer are both communicating on the same level. Within this category, you must also make the customer feel they have your undivided attention without being too over the top. The easiest way for staff to identify the customer’s needs is to ask if they need any help. From the reply, the staff will be able to decide what further questions to ask to identify the customer’s specific needs. Presenting the product or service to the customer in an appropriate way is important. For example, is someone wants to buy something but cannot afford it, then the staff should suggest something of a similar range but at a less expensive price. Closing the sale means actually getting the customer to buy the product or service you are offering. Some people may wish to go away and think about the offer that has just been made and in this case, it is probably a good idea to reserve the product or service. Taking a customers payment is also included in closing a sale. This should be done cheerfully, politely, friendly and gratefully to make the customer feel that they have made the correct choice by buying this product or service from this store or centre. Customer service does not end when the customer hands over their money. This is known as after-sales service and sometimes this will be immediate such as asking the customer of they have enjoyed their visit. Sometimes, if people subscribe to a gym for a year, they may need help in using the service after a couple of months. This is where after-sale service comes in useful. A technique known as AIDA is used in the design of advertising and promotional material and when considering effective selling skills. A stands for attention, I stands for interest, D stands for desire and A stands for action. If you use this technique, it will result in the customer desiring the product and therefore taking action by buying it.